Nosocomial outbreaks have been recorded in Liberia, Sierra Leone, Benin and Nigeria. In 2018, at least 27 health workers have been infected and 8 died. Less information is available about the human to human transmission at community level, and the drivers of super-spreading events, which is an area that would benefit from further research.
For more of existing literature and research on responding to human to human transmission, please see our outbreak response category.
